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There Are No Habitual Actions

insert-transcript#945d6177-3916-432c-bc2f-bab85b61f083-here

habitual vs habitual

‘A habitual action, state, or way of behaving is one that someone usually does or has, especially one that is considered to be typical or characteristic of them.’

--- collinsdictionary.com

insert-transcript#936795b7-9f59-4860-b946-99bef61063f1-here
∞tip: use the glossary

use the glossary

This, incidentally, makes the course really bad for chatGPT. You occasionally see essays that are superbly well written but use the key terms as if the person were guessing at their meanings rather than using the lecture notes.

habitual process

Action occurs in the presence of Stimulus.

Outcome follows action

Agent is thereby rewarded

Stimulus-Action Link is strengthened due to reward

Given Stimulus, will Action occur? It depends on the strength of the Stimulus-Action Link.

Let’s check we all understand the key terms here.
Action may be a complex, coordinated instrumental action, such as pressing a lever.

‘goal-directed’ process

Action leads to Outcome.
 

Belief in Action-Outcome link is strengthened.

Agent has a Desire for the Outcome
 

Will Action occur? It depends on the Belief in the Action-Outcome Link and Agent’s Desire.

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[trick question] Which of these are when are these habitual actions:

winding up your watch;

doing your teeth;

smoking tobacco;

watching TV;

cycling the same route home every day;

taking out your key on getting home;

undressing for bed?

habitual process

Action occurs in the presence of Stimulus.

Outcome follows action

Agent is thereby rewarded

Stimulus-Action Link is strengthened due to reward

Given Stimulus, will Action occur? It depends on the strength of the Stimulus-Action Link.

‘goal-directed’ process

Action leads to Outcome.
 

Belief in Action-Outcome link is strengthened.

Agent has a Desire for the Outcome
 

Will Action occur? It depends on the Belief in the Action-Outcome Link and Agent’s Desire.

First point is that we are characterising a process, not an action.
Second point is that the process does not necessarily produce actions that are usual or characteristic, although it can.
insert-transcript#35bffaaa-6812-4d3f-93fd-918bea7a9b6c-here

‘Who is there that has never wound up his watch on taking off his waistcoat in the daytime, or taken his latchkey out on arriving at the door-step of a friend?

Very absent-minded persons in going to their bedroom to dress for dinner have been known to take off one garment after another and finally to get into bed, merely because that was the habitual issue of the first few movements when performed at a later hour.’

(James, 1901)

Btw this is James in Brazil. In 1865. So before instagram but still a good effort.

Are these habitual? dominated by habitual processes?

inconsitent with current preferences -> habitual processes

the same action
can be dominated by habitual processes
at one time
but not another

This is going to be critical later.